Japanese Government Policies in Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 2001


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Japanese Government Policies in Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 2001

Foreword

Information of The Publication

Educational Reform for the 21st Century

AN INTRODUCTION POSTWAR EDUCATIONAL REFORM IN RETROSPECT

Section 1: Occupation and Educational Reform

1 The End of the War and Toward the Restoration of Education

2 An Ideal of the Constitution and the Fundamental Law of Education

Section 2: Advancement of the Economy and Society, and Educational Reform

1 Improvement of the Educational System after Peace and Independence

2 Japan's Economic Growth and Education

3 A Quarter of a Century since Postwar Educational Reform

Section 3: Educational Reform and Stable Economic Growth

1 Qualitative Improvement and Enhancement of Education

2 Improvement of Curriculum

3 Kindergarten Education and Promotion of Special Education

4 Enhancement of the Qualifications and Abilities of Teachers

Section 4: After Report by the National Council on Educational Reform

1 National Council on Educational Reform and the Process of its Reform

2 Inauguration of National Commission on Educational Reform

Chapter1 BASIC APPROACH FOR EDUCATIONAL REFORM IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Section 1: Present State of Education in Japan

Section 2: Perspective of Educational Reform

1 Fostering Japanese People with a Rich Sense of Humanity

2 Develop the Talent of Individuals and Foster Creative Individuals

3 Create New Schools for the New Age

Section 3: Promotion of the Education Reform Plan for the 21st Century

Section 4: Formulation of the Basic Promotion Plan for Education and Consideration of the New Fundamental Law of Education

Chapter2 AIMING TO FOSTER CHILDREN WITH RICH HUMANITY

Section 1: How Children are Faring

1 Life of Children

2 Current State of Problem Behavior by Students

3 Recent Juvenile Delinquency and Crimes Victimizing Young People

Section 2: Policy Measures

1 Basic Approach to Policy Measures

2 Outlines of Policy Measures and Problems Involved

3 Future Issues and Challenges

Chapter3 BRINGING OUT TALENT AND BRINGING UP CREATIVITY

Section 1: Present State of Learning and Academic Ability for the Future

1 Research on Curriculum

2 International Research on Mathematics and Science Education

3 PISA by OECD

4 Survey on Attitudes to School Education

Section 2: Promotion of School Education Based on New Courses of Study

1 Fundamental Ideas of New Courses of Study

2 Outline of the New Courses of Study

3 Realizing the Aim of the New Courses of Study

Section 3: Education to Promote Individuality and Talent

1 Basic Idea

2 Outline of Measures and Issues

Section 4: Promotion of Education for a Nation Based on Creativity of Science and Technology

1 Basic Idea

2 Outline of Measures and Issues

Chapter4 SCHOOL-BUILDING FOR THE NEW TIMES

Section 1: Education System for the New Times

1 Independent and Active Local Educational Administration

2 Establishment of School Autonomy and Self-discipline

Section 2: Improving the Quality of Teachers

1 Basic Idea

2 Outline of Measures

3 For Further Improvements of the Quality of Teachers

Chapter5 BUILDING A DISTINGUISHED UNIVERSITY IN THE TIMES OF INTELLECT

1 Improving the Organizational Management of a University

(1) More Flexible Structure of Educational and Research System

(2) Turning National Universities into Newly Independent Administrative Institutions

2 Establishment of University Evaluation Systems

(1) Self-monitoring and Self-evaluation

(2) Reorganization of National Institution for Academic Degrees for University Evaluation

(3) Establishment of a Multiple Evaluation System

3 More Job Mobility among Teachers, etc.

Chapter6 CREATING A LIFELONG LEARNING SOCIETY

Section 1: Toward the Creation of a Lifelong Learning Society

1 Basic Concepts

2 New Developments

Section 2: Informatization of Education (Responding to the IT Revolution)

1 Basic Concepts

2 Situation Concerning the Promotion of Principal Measures

Chapter7 NEW INITIATIVE FOR EDUCATIONAL REFORM TAKEN BY LOCAL COMMUNITIES

Section 1: Programs by the National Government

Section 2: Educational Reform Programs at Local Levels

1 Programs Initiated by Local Governments

2 Initiatives for Educational Reform from Citizens

Chapter8 EDUCATIONAL REFORM ABROAD

Section 1: Educational Reform as a Global Trend

1 Educational Reform Developments in Foreign Countries

2 Background to Educational Reform

3 Objectives of Educational Reform

Section 2: Specific Implementation of Educational Reform

1 Lifelong Learning

2 Elementary and Secondary Education

3 Higher Education

4 Informatization of Education

APPENDIX Japanese education in Figures

Number of Students from 1873 to 1947

Expanding School Education

Flow of Education and Employment after Graduation

Studying Population

Current Status of Education Costs

EDUCATIONAL REFORM Q&A

CHART INDEX

Figure 1-2-1 Helping at Home

Figure 1-2-2 Everyday-life Experiences

Figure 1-2-3 Social Experiences

Figure 1-2-4 Everyday-life Experiences

Figure 1-2-5 Relationships with Friends

Figure 1-2-6 Quarrels or Tussles

Figure 1-2-7 Quarrels or Tussles by Grade

Figure 1-2-8 People with Whom Children have Breakfast

Figure 1-2-9 Transition in Cases of On-Campus Acts of Violence

Figure 1-2-10 Transition in Cases of Bullying

Figure 1-2-11 Changes in the Number of "Non-attendance" Children

Trying out the selection of fish at Himi Fishing Port

Figure 1-2-12 Mechanism of Policy Measures to Support Education in the Home

Table 1-3-1 International Comparison of Average Scores (31 Countries)

Figure 1-3-4

Figure 1-3-5

Figure 1-3-6 Model Figure of Learning Space of the New-Generation-Type

Figure 1-3-7 Percentage of Students Who Find Science Interesting

Figure 1-3-8 International Comparison of Mathematical and Scientific Achievements

Figure 1-3-9 International Comparison concerning Interests in Scientific and Technological Matters

Professor Ryoji Noyori receiving a congratulatory call from Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi

Japanese Nobel Laureates

Figure 1-4-1 Current State of Special Part-time Teachers

Figure 1-4-2 Examples of Teaching Content by Special Part-time Teachers (FY2000)

Figure 1-4-3 Examples of a Principal from the Private Sector

Figure 1-5-1 The University-based Structural Reform Plan for Revitalizing the Japanese Economy

Figure 1-5-2 University Evaluation by the National Institution for Academic Degrees

Figure 1-5-3 Universities with an Open Recruitment System in Teacher Employment

Figure 1-5-4 Universities with a Fixed-term Teacher Employment System

Figure 1-6-1 Efforts Toward the Creation of a Lifelong Learning Society

Figure 1-6-2 Outline of the System to Promote the Acceptance of Adults to Universities

Minister Toyama giving a lecture at the Educational Reform Forum.

Public Relations pamphlet for Educational Reform, "We Want Your Opinions" (front page picture)

Figure 1-7-1 List of Programs Concerning Educational Reform in Prefectures and Designated Cities (Survey by MEXT)

Promoting the Tokyo Family Interaction Campaign

A scene from a mini.meeting at the Higashi Elementary School, established by the town of Higata in Katori Ward.

A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform (1983) by the National Commission on Excellence in Education

The National Curriculum for England, The Department of Education and Skills of the United Kingdom

Figure1-8-1 Advancement Rate to Higher Education in Japan, United States, United Kingdom, France and Germany

Computer class at an American public school

Table 1.8.1 Specific Development of Educational Reforms in Various Countries

Number of Students from 1873 to 1947

Expanding School Education

Flow of Education and Employment after Graduation

Studying Population

Current Status of Education Costs

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

International Comparison of Average Scores (31 Countries)

Long-term Social Experience Training at special homes for the aged

Implementation Status of Long-term Social Experience Training

Introduction of Multiple Evaluation

Entrants to National, Public and Private Universities by Method of Selection

Admission Office Entrance Examinations in Japan

INDEX OF SPECIAL TEXT BOX

Recommendation Report by the National Commission on Educational Reform - 17 Proposals for Changing Education (Summary)

Reborn Central Council for Education

"Challenges of 14 Year Olds" Program to Learn from Society - Toyama

Kasumigaseki Nursery

Twilight School - Nagoya City

Chihiro, who Found her "Zest for Living"

Examples of the Stringent Selection of Educational Content

Examples of Meticulous Teaching Utilizing Increased Teaching Staff

Educational Effect of a 20-student Class

Coordination between Saitama University and Prefectural Upper Secondary Schools

Example of Education to Stimulate Students' Motivation for Learning

Ryoji Noyori, Professor at Nagoya University

Examples of Special Outlay under Principal's Discretion

Examples of Community-wide Support for School Education

Voice from Social Experience Training Participants

Policies for the Structural Reform of Universities (National Universities) - One measure for creating dynamic and internationally competitive national, public and private universities -

Building an Attractive Community that Maximizes the Abilities of Local Residents

Examples of Initiatives to Create Movements Among Prefectural Citizens

Initiatives by Private Organizations

ABC at Elementary Schools - English Education Starting Earlier in School

Choosing a School to Attend (School Choice)

Online whenever, wherever: Virtual University

QUESTION

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