1.1.1.1 Contributions of Science and Technology

1.1.1.2 Scientific and Technological Progress in the 20th Century

1.1.1.3 Relationship between Japan’s Modernization and Science and Technology

1.1.2 Relevance of Science and Technology in the Transformation and Development of People’s Lives, the Economy, and the Society

1.1.2.1 Improvements in People’s Lives

1.1.2.2 Economic Development

1.1.2.3 Addressing Social Issues

1.2 Japan’s Scientific and Technological Capabilities and Their Level

1.2.1.1 Scientific and Technological Achievements and Spillover Effects

1.2.1.2 Turning Dreams into Reality by Science and Technology

1.2.2 Leaders of Future Science and Technology and Their Roles

1.2.2.1 Importance of Fostering/Securing Scientific and Technological Human Resources

1.2.2.2 Diverse Human Resources Involved in Science and Technology

1.2.3 The Science and Technology Basic Law and the Science and Technology Basic Plan

1.2.3.1 Enactment of the Science and Technology Basic Law

1.2.3.2 Formulation of the First and Second Science and Technology Basic Plans

1.2.3.3 Status of Accomplishment of the First and Second Science and Technology Basic Plans

1.2.4 Level of Science and Technology in Japan

1.2.4.1 International Trend and Foreign Countries’ Policies Concerning Science and Technology

1.2.4.2 Level of Science and Technology in Japan

1.2.4.3 Japan’s Characteristics, Strengths, and Weaknesses

1.3 Future of Japan and Science and Technology

1.3.1.1 Coexistence Between Environmental Protection and Economic Development

1.3.1.2 Intensification of International Competition

1.3.1.3 Decrease in Population Due to Aging Society with Fewer Children

1.3.1.4 Sophistication and Diversification of People’s Needs

1.3.2 Roles Expected from Science and Technology

1.3.2.1 Creation of New Values （Creation of Intellectual/Cultural Values）

1.3.2.2 Economic Development and International Competitiveness （Creation of Economic Values）

1.3.2.3 Sustainable Development of Human Society （Realizing Social and Public Values）

1.3.3 Toward Promotion of Science and Technology in Japan

Conclusion