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Increase in the number of female researchers in science and technology is remarkable in recent years. Most of them are engaged in research activities at universities ( Fig. 12 ).

Fig. 12 Percentage of Female Researchers by Research Sector

Although the rate of growth of female researchers in businesses is on a gradual rise recently, its pace is still slow.

The Second-term Science and Technology Basic Plan are advocating securing employment opportunities and developing working environment for female researchers in the interest of male-female joint participation. It is also expected that the male-female joint participation in research fields will increase in the future.