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Part3 Measures Adopted for Promotion of Science and Technology
3.1 Development of Science and Technology Policies
3.1.3 Administrative Structure of Science andT echnology,and the Budget
3.1.3.1 Administrative Structure of Science and Technology


  Taking of measures for Japan's science and technology is based on the Science and Technology Basic Law and on the Science and Technology Basic Plan,and is also promoted through programs of the administrative organs based on the various recommendations and advice offered by the former Council for Science and Technology,and now by the Council for Science and Technology Policy.Research is carried out at the national research institutions,public corporations,independent administrative institutions,universities,and university joint research institutions,varied research programs are used to promote research,and preparation of research and development environments is being pushed forward (Figure3-1-5) .

  The Council for Science and Technology Policy(CSTP)conducts surveys regarding basic policies for the comprehensive and planned promotion of science and technology,as well as on the allocation of the science and technology budget,personnel and other resources needed for the promotion of science and technology(hereafter called"resource allocation policies"),and also performs evaluations of major scientific and technological R&D and other R&D important to the state.

  The CSTP also prepares comprehensive strategies and resource allocation policies for science and technology on behalf of the government overall,while the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology acts in line with those strategies to prepare specific research and development plans for individual sectors,coordinates policies for estimating costs planned by test and re-search institutions,etc.,and administers allocations of the Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology(SCF),in order to coordinate the management of science and technology with relevant administrative institutions.The Ministry comprehensively promotes implementation of research and development in advanced and important science and technology fields,and administration of science and technology that advances and strengthens creative and basic research.In recent years,cooperation between ministries and agencies has been strengthened with the establishment of roundtable groups and interministerial liaison committees,concerning various research sectors and related measures,including programs for promotion of brain sciences research,and for basic research conducted by public corporations through public canvassing methods.Depending on the character of the respective fields or policies,these programs are promoting lateral,long-term thinking between ministries and agencies and adoption of priority guidelines on how to promote research and development,and also promoting cooperation through promotion of information exchanges concerning the progress of research,etc.,and researcher exchanges.

  The Science Council conducts surveys and discussions on important issues regarding the comprehensive promotion of science and technology in response to inquiries posed by the Minister of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology,and presents opinions on the issues to the minister.In June and August of FY2002,the Council prepared summaries entitled"Concerning Evaluation Guidelines on Research and Development at the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(proposal)"and"Concerning Basic Concepts and Promotion Policies for Ocean Development from the Long-Term Perspective(recommendation)"respectively.The Science Council's recommendations are shown in Table3-1-6.


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