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Home > Policy > White Paper, Notice, Announcement > White Paper > Annual Report on the Promotion of Science and Technology 2001 > Part1 Chapter2 Section5 2 | |
| (Comparison of Science Linkage) |
Examination report of the U.S. patent shows that the science
linkage, indicated in terms of the number of cited patents in scientific papers
per patent, is on the rise in every country, evidencing an increasing relationship
between the scientific research and the patent.
While the value of the U.S. is showing a remarkable increase,
that of Japan is the lowest among 5 countries, meaning fruits of science papers
are not used as expected ( Fig.
20 ).
| (State of Utilization of Patents Acquired by Universities) |
Enacted in August 1998 was "The Law for Promotion of
University-Industry Technology Transfer". Thus, addressing the issue of
promoting practical use of research achievement at universities, etc. has begun.
The number of patent applications made between the end of
1998 and the end of December 2000 exceeded 700 cases, which were administered
by the Technology Licensing Organization (20 TLOs as of April 2001), established
under The Law for Promotion of University-Industry Technology Transfer for the
purpose of positive licensing of university's research achievement to private
businesses. Tackling the issue of putting the research achievement into practical
use is in progress.
| (Number of Spin-off Businesses Based on Research Achievement of Universities, etc.) |
The data compiled by the OECD concerning the number of enterprises
established on the basis of research achievement of universities, etc. is pinpointing
the licensing of university's technology. According to the data, the number of
such enterprises is generally on the increase ( Fig.
21 ).
The U.S. saw 1,995 startup businesses during the period of
1980 through 1998, with 281 cases of such startups on an annual average in recent
5 years. That evidences a considerable number of startups are being launched
based on the research at universities that are closely connected with industries
( Table. 22 ). Although
no data of that kind is available in Japan, the gap between the two countries
seems to be substantially large.
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