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Home > Policy > White Paper, Notice, Announcement > White Paper > JAPANESE GOVERMENT POLICIES IN EDUCATION, SCIENCE, SPORTS AND CULTURE 1995 > Remaking Universities Chapter 4 Section 2 2

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Remaking Universities: Continuing Reform of Higher Education
Chapter 4 Toward Further University Reform
Section 2. Improving the Quality of University Education: Fostering Self-Reform Capabilities
2. Establishing Evaluation Systems


Such a system cannot evolve dynamically without constant self-reform efforts on the part of individual universities and other institutions. As already stated, most universities have begun to implement various forms of self-monitoring and self-evaluation. It is necessary to encourage the spread of such systems and their firm establishment, and to ensure that the results of self-monitoring and self-evaluation are reflected in specific reforms. In addition to self-monitoring and self-evaluation, it is necessary to establish multifaceted evaluation mechanisms, including reciprocal evaluation by academic societies and associations. Evaluation procedures should also be considered by institutions of higher education other than universities.

The implementation of appropriate evaluation procedures involves many issues. Overemphasis on the evaluation of research performance may lead to inadequate evaluation of educational activities. The evaluation of new and interdisciplinary fields may prove to be more difficult than expected. It is also necessary to carry out appropriate evaluation of both graduate and undergraduate education in the light of their respective roles. It is hoped that those concerned will continue to work toward the establishment of better evaluation criteria and methods through an ongoing process of experimentation and experience.

It is also important to inform the general public of the state of universities' educational and research activities and the results of evaluation of those activities. Researchers and students, as well as companies and other organizations that plan to work with universities, must be able to gain access to and utilize appropriate information about individual universities. It is hoped that efforts in this area will expand further, including active utilization of external evaluation and input from people outside universities, as well as enhancement of the organizations and methods used to disseminate information about universities.


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