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In 1949, 168 new-system universities started operation. Graduate schools were positioned in the new system with the aim of engaging in teaching and research in the theory and application of science, and an in-depth pursuit of science. A foundation for the development of the university, which would play a leading role ins cientific research, was designed in this way, leading to the expansion of various areas of scientific research.
At the Ministry, the Higher Education and Science Bureau was set up in 1949to take charge of the administration of scientific affairs. The Science Encouragement Council and the Geodesy Council were also established in the same year.
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