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CHAPTER 5 EDUCATIONAL REFORMS IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES AND THE FUTURE EDUCATION IN JAPAN
1 Main Trends of Educational Reforms in Major Countries
(2) Content of Educational Reforms
c Promotion of Science and Technical Education


Scientific and technological innovation is a factor for social and economic development of a nation, and a developed society seeks further improvement of the nation as a whole. This requires a great number of scientific personnel of creative ability. To meet this is a responsibility of education. Thus, the promotion of scientific and technical education has become an urgent task of education in most major countries.

In most countries an expansion of the colleges of science and engineering and the establishment of new departments and courses for the training of scientists have been effected. Wide-spread use of standardized tests to locate capable students, expanded guidance services and increase of scholarship grants for training able students, are measures taken in most countries. Post-graduate courses at universities are being improved for the promotion of the basic studies in science and technology and for the training of scholars and teachers, and at the same time, to prepare technicians, a new type of college has been established and part-time institutions for technical education are being remodeled. Besides, in order to increase basic attainments in science and technical education, in the United States, England and other countries the content and methodology of elementary and secondary school courses in mathematics and science are in process of radical revision. These are all parts of the trend toward quantitative and qualitative improvement or education which affects all levels of education in most countries today.


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