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Free provision of school textbooks has been established as a permanent systern on the basis of the Law concerning Free Provision or Textbooks for Schools of Compulsory Education enacted in 1963. This system is to be gradually put into practice according to a long-term yearly plan with the aim of free distribution of school textbooks to all the pupils of national, public and private schools of compu1sory education. The free supply of textbooks was made to the first graders of elementary school in 1963 as the first year, and in 1964 it was extended to the pupils of the second and third grade of elementary schools.
The situation in various countries of the system of free provision of school textbooks to pupils at the compulsory education level, shows that school textbooks are either provided free of charge or on a free loan basis, as shown in the following table:
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