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According to the survey,the Business enterprises that engaged in research in FY2001 numbered17,900companies,with the manufacturing industry accounting for the vast majority of these,at almost76%of all industry types.Within the manufacturing sector,the machinery,electrical machinery,and food industries held the largest shares.
Also,the total of R&D expenses incurred by companies in FY2001rose by5.4%from the previous fiscal year to11.451trillion yen,accounting for about69%of Japan's total R&D expenditure.
By source of funding for R&D expenditures,companies accounted for almost all of the total,dwarfing the government funding at about1%of the total. Moreover,for R&D expenses incurred by companies excluding public corporations and in-dependent administrative institutions,classified by company capitalization,those with capitalization of10billion yen or more accounted for about73%of the total,a result that showed R&D expenditure was concentrated in larger corporations.Further-more,growth rates since FY2000 show that companies with capitalization of1billion yen or more have experienced increases while companies with capitalization of less than1billion yen have witnessed year-on-year declines (Table2-1-22).
Note9)Research Performing Sector:Research activities in Japan in this paper are provided by Business enterprises,public organizations,non-profit institutions,and universities and colleges.These classifications are based on the"Report on the Survey of Research and Development"compiled by the Statistics Bureau.The Following defines some of these organizations.
Note10)Business enterprises:Corporate companies(Capital:1million yen or more(FY1974 or before),Capital:300million yen or more(between FY1975 and FY1978),Capital:5million yen or more(between FY1979 and FY1993),Capital:10million yen or more(FY1994 and after))and profit-oriented public corporations.The public corporations and independent administrative institutions specializing in research are excluded,which are included in the research institutions defined below.
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