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PART Issues and Developments of Policies in Education, Science and Culture

Measures have been taken to enable more flexible application of curriculum standards, for example, by allowing for the establishment of general subjects cutting across several areas of study. Various creative and experimental attempts have been undertaken by the initiative of respective universities as well. Also with respect to entrance qualifications, expansion has been in progress, and university entrance qualification has been granted to graduates of upper secondary courses of special training schools which satisfy certain requirements.

The need for working men and women to take refresher courses at graduate school level has rapidly increased in recent years. Responding to the need, Tsukuba University opened in 1989 master's programs in education and in management sciences and public policy studies with all the courses offered in the evening.

In terms of university organization and management, measures have been taken such as the establishment of donated chairs at national universities, more flexible administration of the establishment of foundations to support universities, and the simplification of tax exemption procedures for donations to private universities.