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Home > Policy > White Paper, Notice, Announcement > White Paper > JAPANESE GOVERNMENT POLICIES IN EDUCATION,SCIENCE AND CULTURE1991 > PART2 Chapter2 4 (3)

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PART 2 Recent Trends and Developments in Government Policies in Education, Science and Culture
Chapter 2 Promotion of Lifelong Learning
4 Lifelong Learning and Institutions of Formal Education
(3) Diversification of the Ways of Access to Formal Education


In order to accept more working adults into universities and other educational institutions, it is necessary to create alternative ways of access to these institutions for adults different from the "normal track" for younger students.

For this reason, various systems and arrangements have been introduced to facilitate the access of adult citizens to formal education and to expand learning opportunities for them. Specifically, 1)evening and correspondence courses have allowed students to learn in accordance with flexible time and teaching methods; 2)the University Entrance Qualification Test has enabled students who have not finished an upper secondary school course to go on to higher education; 3)some universities have reserved a certain number of special places for adult citizens and carried out adult admissions through special selection procedures; and 4)many universities have admitted auditing and other special non-degree seeking students who are allowed to study a limited number of subjects.


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