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CHAPTER ALLOCATION AND SOURCES OFEDU C ATIONAL EXPENDITURES

The distribution of total public and private education expenditures in Japan among different fields of education, for 1950 -1968 is analyzed in Table 71.

Table 71. Changes in the Percent Distribution of Total Public and Private Education Expenditures in Different Educational Fields in Japan

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Note: Actual numbers are given in Basic Table 70 Basic Table 70

As is shown in the table, roughly ninety per cent of total public and private educational expenditures have been spent on school education (including kindergartens and universities), while less than three to five percent has been spent on social education, miscellaneous schools and educational administration. It should be noted, however, that training in industry, individuals' expenditures for their own self -education, etc. were not included no social education expenditures due to lack of sufficient data. Thus, the percents spent on social education should generally be higher than those shown in Table 71.The distribution of school education expenditures among different levels of education is shown in Table 72.

Table 72. Changes in the Percent Distribution of Public and Private School Education Expenditures by Educational Level in Japan

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Note: Actual numbers are given in Basic Table 71 Basic Table 71

During 1950 -55, a high of nearly 70% of the total public and private education expenditures in Japan was spent on compu1sory education. This was due in part to the lengthening of the period of compulsory education. Thereafter, however, this percent had declined and since 1965 has remained fixed at about52%. On the other hand, the percents spent on upper secondary and higher education levels have risen considerably as a result of the expansion of enrollments at these levels. The rapid rise in the percent spent on higher education is especially conspicuous.

The distribution of public school education expenditures, namely expenditures for national and local public schools (including kindergartens and universities), exclusive of expenditures for private schools, among different educational levels in Japan as compared with those in various major countries is shown in Table 73. The distribution of public school education expenditures by educational level as a percent of national income in various major countries is shown in Table 74.

Table 73. Percent Distribution of Public School Education Expenditures by Educational Level in Various Major Countries

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Note: Basic numbers are given in Basic Table 72. Basic Table 72

Table 74. Public School Education Expenditures as a Percent of National Income by Educational Level in Various Major Countries

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Note: Actual numbers are given in Basic Table 72 Basic Table 72

Both the percent of public school education expenditures allocated to higher education and the percent of national income allocated to public higher education have risen rapidly in recent years in all countries but Japan where they have continued to be rather stagnant.