b. The Structure of the Imperial University

The Colleges of the Imperial University were initially five in number: Law, Medicine, Engineering, Literature, and Science. In each College, there was a college head, a head teacher, professors, assistant professors, a dormitory dean, and clerks for the administrative work. The President (Socho) of the Imperial University was appointed by an imperial order and had responsibility for the entire University. For the purpose of administering it, below the President were councillors, a secretary, and clerks. The councillors were selected (two each) from the five Colleges by the Minister of Education and together they formed the University Council (Hyogikai) to consider 1) important issues pertaining to the course and curriculum and 2) adjustment of concerns among individual Colleges and the Graduate School.

Along with the promulgation of the 1886 Imperial University Order, various regulations were determined by the Imperial University. Entrance into each College was to follow graduation from a higher middle school or other school recognized by the Minister of Education to be of comparable standing; and those who passed a special test administered by the Imperial University were also admitted. When the structure of the Imperial University is compared with the University of Tokyo of 1877, the speed of development is astonishing. For the Imperial University was truly a full university that covered most of the important fields of the modern arts and sciences. The length of the course was fixed at four years for the College of Medicine, and three years for all other Colleges. The research period for the Graduate School was defined to be two years or less. Within the individual Colleges, a variety of departments were established so that it was possible to select courses and specialize. In June, 1890, Tokyo School of Agriculture and Forestry was restructured and added as the College of Agriculture of the Imperial University with a three-year program. With this addition, the Imperial University came to consist of six Colleges.

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