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  Using the Statistics Bureau's statistics to look at Japan's technology trade by industrial category in the manufacturing sector in FY2001,we find that such high-tech related industries as the motor vehicles industry,the communication and electronic equipment industry,the electrical machinery,equipment and supplies industry,and the drug and medicines industry,accounted for the majority of both exports and imports (Figure2-3-21) .

  For the trends over time in the technology trade balance,the motor vehicles industry has long had an excess of exports and is steadily widening its technology trade balance,while the communica-tions and electronic equipment industry has gene-rally showed an excess of imports.

  The electrical machinery,equipment and sup-plies industry,which had once been tilted toward imports,has had an excess of exports since FY1993.While the drug and medicines industry has in recent years been in general balance,it tilted over to an excess of exports in FY1996,and has tended more on that trend since (Figure2-3-22) .

  For the balance of payments in technology trade by trade partner country and region and by in-dustrial category,the motor vehicles industry shows an excess of exports with all other countries,with a particularly large technology export trade by value with the United States.The communication and electronic equipment industry generally shows a strong excess of exports with Asia but holds an excess of imports overall.The drug and medicines industry trades overwhelmingly with Europe and United States,and holds an overall export surplus (Figure2-3-23) .

Figure2-3-21Trends in technollogy trade by industry sector

Figure2-3-22Trends in technology trade balance I major industry sectors

Table2-3-23Technology trade balance of payments by trade partner country and region for major industrial categories in Japan(FY2001)