Part 1: Creativity of Japan's Science and Technology
Chapter 1 Achievement of Japan's Science and Technology and Its Standard
Section 3 Overall Standard
The National Institute of Science and Technology Policy under
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology has devised
an indicator of the overall standard of the national science and technology by
consolidating and compounding multiple indicators. Of such overall indicators
of 5 selected countries, that of the U.S. stands highest in value, while that
of Japan is positioned at about half as much as the U.S. ( Fig.
5 )
Fig. 5 Trend of Governed Index of Science and Technology
of Selected Countries
(Breakdown of Science and Technology Standard)
The Governed Index of Science and Technology comprises 12
different factors. When we break the indicator into 12 factors and analyze the
degrees of contribution of each factor, we find the U.S. is relatively high in
such factors as the number of overseas patent applications, the amount of technology
export, and the number of papers cited. With Japan, the highest contribution
comes from the number of bachelors of engineering, followed by the number of
researchers and the amount of added value for both industrial products and high-tech
products. As for the number of papers cited, Japan is lower in contribution than
four other countries ( Fig.
6 ).
Fig. 6 Factor-based Contribution to Science and Technology
Overall Indicators