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Home > Policy > White Paper, Notice, Announcement > White Paper > JAPANESE GOVERMENT POLICIES IN EDUCATION, SCIENCE, SPORTS AND CULTURE 1995 > University Reform in Other Countries 4 (2)

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University Reform in Other Countries
4. Germany
(2) Reduction fo the Duration of Study


The standard period of study for university students is four to five years. Many students remain at university longer, however, due to such factors as deteriorating educational conditions and excessive educational content. The average period of study is thus six to seven years, and the average age for completing a course of study is 28. For this reason reduction of the duration of study has become an important priority, and consideration is now being given to measures to promote earlier completion of courses of study, including the streamlining of educational content and the clarification of study objectives, as well as reduction of the study load through the clear separation of courses of study that focus on occupation-oriented learning from the training of researchers at the advanced level.

In the past students who failed final examinations were allowed to take them again only once. In recent years, however, some universities and courses of study have established systems that do not count fails when students have taken the final examinations within the standard period of study, thus giving students two more chances to take the examinations. The states are amending their higher education laws accordingly.


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