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Home > Policy > White Paper, Notice, Announcement > White Paper > Japanese Government Policies in Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 2002

Japanese Government Policies in Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 2002

Foreword
Information of The Publication
Chapter
Chapter 1   Progress of Japan's Elementary and Secondary Education Reform and Future Issues
Section 1   Progress of Elementary and Secondary Education in Post-War Japan
1.   Expansion of Access to Education
2.   Qualitative Improvement of Education
3.   Movement of Educational Reform
Section 2   Problems Relating to Elementary and Lower Secondary Education
1.   Social Changes and Situation of Children's Lives
2.   Issues of School Education
Chapter 2   Towards Advancement of "Academic Ability"
Section 1   The Kind of "Academic Ability" We Should Strive for Now
Section 2   Status of Japanese Children's "Academic Ability"
1.   ResultsofPreviousStudies
2.   Results of Research on the Curriculum
3.   Roundup and Evaluation of Various Research Results
Section 3   The New Courses of Study
1.   The new Courses of Study which aims to develop "Academic Ability"
2.   Change to Evaluation Based on How Far the Objectives Have Been Achieved
Section 4   Increased efforts for the secure improvement of "Academic Ability"
1.   Efforts by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
2.   Efforts in Each Schools
Section 5   Toward better curriculum standards
(1)   Improvement of experimental schools system
(2)   Basic research at the Curriculum Research Center of the National Institute for Educational Policy Research
(3)   Permanent organization for curriculum development
Chapter 3   For the Cultivation of "Richness in Mind"
Section 1   Regarding the Cultivation of "Richness in Mind"
1.   Social Background
2.   To Cultivate "Rich Humanity"
Section 2   Current Circumstances Surrounding Children
1.   State of Minds and Lives of Children
2.   Growing concerns over the present state of violence, bullying, non-attendance at school, etc.
Section 3   Efforts Aimed at Nurturing "Richness in Mind"
1.   Fundamental Concept of Measures
2.   Description of the Measures
Chapter 4   For the Foundation of Trustworthy Schools
Section 1   To secure appealing and competent teachers
1.   Improving Qualities and Abilities of Teachers through Integration of Three Factors: Teacher-Training System at University, Recruitment, and In-service Training
2.   Performance Assessments of Teachers and Treatment Which Reflects Their Efforts
3.   Strict Responses to Teachers with Problems in Teaching
4.   Utilization of Excellent Human Resources through Promotion of Participation of Working People
Section 2   The Establishment of Schools That are Trustworthy to the Parents and to the Local Communities
1.   The Establishment of Open Schools - To Achieve Accountability -
2.   Changing Board of Education - Development of the Community-based Education Administration -
3.   Reform of the Compulsory Education System Funded by Tax Revenues and Other Related Systems
4.   Diversifying School Education and Schools in the New Era
Section 3   Improvement of School Environment Where Children Feel Safe and Have Fun
1.   Making School Facilities Safer
2.   Crisis Management and Safety Measures of Schools
CHART INDEX
Figure 1-1-1 Trends in Enrollment in Kindergartens, Elementary, Lower Secondary and Upper Secondary Schools and the Advancement Rate to Higher Education
Figure 1-1-2 Flow of Post-War Educational Reform-Elementary and Secondary Education
Table 1-2-1 International Comparison of Japanese Achievement
Table 1-2-2 Comparison of Rates of Correct Answers for the Same Questions
Table 1-2-3 Attitudes on Mathematics and Science (2nd year in lower secondary school)
Table 1-2-4 International Comparison of Average Scores (31 countries participated)
Table 1-2-5 Time Spent on Homework
Table 1-2-6 Results of Reading Literacy in Proficiency Levels
Table 1-2-7
Table 1-2-8
Table 1-2-9 Comparison with Pass Rate Set for Each Question in Each Subject and Grade (Primary School)
Table 1-2-10 Comparison with Pass Rate Set for Each Question in Each Subject and Year (Lower Secondary School)
Table 1-2-11 Comparison of Pass Rates for the Same Question in Each Subject and Grade (Primary School)
Table 1-2-12 Comparison of Pass Rates for the Same Question in Each Subject and Year (Lower Secondary School)
Table 1-2-13 Distribution of Numbers of Children According to Scores
Table 1-2-14 Distribution of Classes According to Average Scores
Table 1-2-15
Table 1-2-16
Table 1-2-17
Table 1-2-18
Figure 1-2-1 Example of careful selection of educational content
Table 1-2-19 Evaluation of the Cumulative Record of Education
Making a miniature of a linear motorcar as an advanced study of electromagnetic induction
Table 1-2-20 Number of classes for the third graders
Table 1-2-21 Daily class schedule
Table 1-3-1 Things in Children's Possession
Table 1-3-1 Use of Cellular Phones and PHS
Figure 1-3-1 Questionnaire on Children's Hands-on Activities
Table 1-3-3 Self-assessment
Table 1-3-4 Goals for Life
Table 1-3-5 Things Considered Problematic concerning People in the Same Generation (Younger than 20 years old)
Table 1-3-6 Wishing to be Someone Who Understands the Feelings of Others (Elementary/ Junior High School Students)
Figure 1-3-2 Relations between The Degree of Contacts with The Local People and The Interest in Local Activities when Schools Are out Every Saturday and Sunday
Figure 1-3-3 Transition of occurrence of acts of violence in schools
Figure 1-3-4 Transition of Bullying Cases
Figure 1-3-5 Transition of the Number of Students who Refuse to Attend Schools
Figure 1-3-6 Transition of the Number of Senior-high School Dropouts
Figure 1-3-7 Transition of the Number of Arrested Juveniles Who Offended the Criminal Law and its Population Ratio
Figure 1-3-8 The Number of Child Abuse Cases at Children's Consultation Offices (The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare)
"kokoro no note" (notebooks for moral education)
Table 1-3-7 Research Studies on Incentives to Study
Figure 1-3-9 The 48th Research on Reading (conducted on June 2002, The Mainichi Newspapers Co., Japan School Library Association)
Table 1-3-8 Recent Efforts made by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Concerning Student Guidance and Related Matters
Table 1-4-1 Recruitment Examinations for Publicly Owned School Teachers for FY 2002 (Conducted in FY 2001)
Figure 1-4-1 In-service Training Programs for Teachers
Table 1-4-2 Long-term Social Experience Training for Teachers
Figure 1-4-2 Example of Personnel Management System concerning Teachers with Little Teaching Ability (Example of Hiroshima Prefecture)
Table 1-4-3 State of Disciplinary Measures against Educational Personnel of Publicly Owned Schools (FY 2000)
Figure 1-4-3 Employment of Part-time
Figure 1-4-4 Employment of "Teachers for Children's Mind" (FY 2002)
<Flow of school evaluation>
Table 1-4-5 Percentage of Schools Which Have Established Internet Websites
Figure 1-4-4 Situation of School Councilor System (Includes Similar Systems) (As of August 1, 2002)
Figure 1-4-6 What is the Board of Education?
"Expression study" a scene of [Noh class]
Table 1-4-6 List of Practical Research Schools
Figure 1-4-6 Seriousness of Aging of Publicly Owned School Facilities
Figure 1-4-7 Examples of Troubles of School Buildings Due to Aging
Figure 1-4-8 Situations of Anti-earthquake Measures According to the Survey on Renovation of Publicly Owned Elementary and Lower Secondary Schools
Table 1-4-7 List of National Burden (subsidy) Rate concerning Anti-earthquake Measures
INDEX OF SPECIAL TEXT BOX
COLUMN 1
< Survey on efforts to promote Moral Education >
COLUMN 2
COLUMN 3
COLUMN 4
COLUMN 5
COLUMN 6
COLUMN 7
COLUMN 8
COLUMN 9
A Case Introduction
A Case Introduction
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