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Home > Policy > White Paper, Notice, Announcement > White Paper > Japanese Government Policies in Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 2001 >Chapter1 Section2.3

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   Educational Reform for the 21st Century
Chapter1   BASIC APPROACH FOR EDUCATIONAL REFORM IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Section 2:   Perspective of Educational Reform
3   Create New Schools for the New Age


In order to push ahead with educational reform described in (1) and (2) above, it is necessary to establish an educational system capable of responding appropriately to the changes in social and economic conditions and to various requests on education, and also to encourage a change in the way of thinking by people involved in education.

  In elementary and secondary education, the decentralization of educational administration should be promoted and boards of education should be revitalized to make them more appropriately responsive to various requests from the community. In order to promote schools that are open to local communities, the school advisor system is being introduced as a way to directly reflect the opinions of local communities on the way schools are operated. Schools themselves need to be given greater discretion over personnel and budgetary matters so that they can take the initiative in promoting distinctive education activities on their own. The qualities and sociality of teachers must also be enhanced through an appropriate evaluation process. The appropriate method of evaluation should be established to open the way to commend excellent teaches with accompanying rewards and treatment and transfer teachers with questionable track records to non-teaching positions. It is also necessary to expand opportunities for teachers to help enhance their sociality through expanded social experience training courses and the promotion of schools open to society.

  As for higher education, seeking to establish a system under which universities can raise international competitiveness and vie with each other for supremacy under competitive conditions, it is necessary to promote organizational improvements to universities such as greater independence of universities and clarification of management responsibility under an initiative of making national universities independent administrative institutions, and also promote the establishment of an appropriate university evaluation system assessment, including the promotion of self-assessment and self-evaluation and evaluation by third parties, such as the National Institution for Academic Degrees. Furthermore, it is necessary to enhance the mobility of teachers through the introduction of fixed terms and open recruitment, and to create a new personnel system based on the appropriate evaluation of ability and performance.


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